| ELECRONIC POSTERS LIBRARY | ||
| SCIENTIFIC SESSION 1 Radiation Protection of Patients and Staff in High Dose Diagnostic and Interventional Procedures | ||
| S1.P1 | V. Tsapaki, A. Christou, N. Nikolaou, S. Spanodimos, I. Chinofoti, A. Poulianitou, S. Patsilinakos | Radiation doses in a newly founded Interventional Cardiology Department |
| S1.P2 | V. Tsapaki, A. Christou, S. Spanodimos, N. Nikolaou, A. Poulianitou, S. Patsilinakos | Evaluation of Radiation Dose During Pacemaker Implantations |
| S1.P3 | A. Neocleous, E. Yakoumakis, G. Gialousis, A. Dimitriadis, N. Yakoumakis and E. Georgiou | Gafchromic XR-RV2 Radiochromic Films Dosimetry in Interventional Radiology |
| S1.P4 | P. Mehnati, A. Mesbahi | Evaluation of Patient Dose in Cardio Angiography Procedures in Angiography Department of Shahid Madani Hospital of Tabriz, Iran |
| S1.P5 | A. Sulieman, M. Elzaki, C. Kappas and K. Theodorou | Radiation Dose Measurement in Gastrointestinal Studies |
| S1.P6 | A. Sulieman, M. Vlychou, I. Tsougos, C. Kappas, K. Theodorou | Radiation Doses to Patients Undergoing Enteroclysis |
| S1.P7 | C. Prieto, E. Vano, J.M. Fernández, D. Martinez, R. Sánchez | Increases in patient doses need to be avoided when upgrading interventional cardiology systems to flat detectors |
| S1.P8 | E. Molyvda-Athanasopoulou, M. Karlatira, A. Psarrakou, Ch. Koulouris, A. Siountas | Radiation exposure to patients and radiologists during interventional procedures |
| S1.P9 | C. Ubeda, E. Vano, P. Miranda, F. Leyton, E. Valenzuela, C.Oyarzun | Radiation dose and image quality for adult interventional cardiology in Chile. A national survey |
| S1.P10 | R. Sánchez, E. Vano, J.M. Fernández, A. Machado, N. Roas | Enhancing the performance of radiochromic XR-RV3 film to measure patient skin doses in interventional procedures |
| S1.P11 | A. Widmark, E.G. Friberg | How “do’s” and “don’ts” can be of significant importance in radiation protection |
| S1.P12 | A. Beganovic, B. Basic, M. Gazdic-Santic, A. Skopljak-Beganovic, A. Drljevic1, D. Samek | Occupational and patient exposure in interventional cardiology in Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| S1.P13 | J. Hristova, J. Vassileva, I. Saltirov | Exposure to patient during interventional endourological procedures |
| S1.P14 | L. Sukupova, L. Novak, P. Kala | Patient Skin Dosimetry in Interventional Cardiology in the Czech Republic |
| S1.P15 | J. Kalef-Ezra, E. Katsarou, S. Karavasilis, M. Matsagkas, L.K. Michalis | Direct measurement of skin dose with radiochromic films in fluoroscopy guided vessel repairs |
| S1.P16 | R. Borisova, J. Vassileva, V. Gelev, A. Doganov | Patient skin doses in complex cardiac procedures |
| S1.P17 | A. Baratov | Comparison of DAP values for low-pulsed vs. normal-pulsed coronary angiography |
| S1.P18 | B. Fasaei, R. Paydar, N. Ahmadi Jeshvaghane, H.R. Khosravi, A.Rashidi, M.R. Deevband, A. Karamloo, A. Pakniat, A. Bitarafan Rajabi | A National Approach of Reference Level in Some Routine Angiography Procedures in Iran |
| S1.P19 | H. Kamoun, A. Boussaadoun, N. Attia , L. Ben Omrane, K. Ben Jemaa, A. Hammou | Radioprotection in orthopedic theatre in Tunisian hospital |
| S1.P20 | T. Tonev, K. Velkova | Reducing the patient dose in two types of contrast radiological tests- interventional (angiography) and conventional (irigography) through development the new working protocols |
| S1.P21 | S. Kiti, K. Korir | Computed Tomography (CT) Examination Practices in Kenya |
| S1.P22 | D. Arandjic, O. Ciraj-Bjelac, Dj. Lazarevic | Pediatric doses in Computed Tomography in Serbia |
| S1.P23 | Gbelcová, Nikodemová, Horváthová | Patient Dose Optimization in Paediatric CT |
| S1.P24 | D. Kostova-Lefterova, J. Vassileva | Survey of practice in pediatric computed tomography |
| S1.P25 | N.A. Ahmed, E.H. Osman1, N. Alrehema1, A.A. Razeeg | Potential for Optimization in Paediatric CT examination in Sudan |
| SCIENTIFIC SESSION 2 Radiation effects and risks | ||
| S2.P1 | S. Milacic | Occupational Diseases and Radiation Protection of Exposed Workers |
| S2.P2 | V. Hadjidekova | Effects of ionizing radiation on the embryo and fetus. Radiation risks in prenatal medical exposure |
| S2.P3 | L.Ş. Coretchi | DNA Damage-related Gene Expression as Biomarkers to Assess Low Dose of Radiation Exposure |
| S2.P4 | L.Ş. Coretchi, I.N. Bahnarel, Е.E. Samotyja, L.I.Coreţchi, A. Cornescu | Evaluation of the Immunological Effects of Medical Exposure Staff |
| S2.P5 | D. Jovičić, B. Rakić, T. Vukov, J. Pajić, S. Milačić, R. Kovačević, M. Stevanović, D. Drakulić, N. Bukvić | Comparative cytogenetic analysis of chromosomal aberrations and premature centromere division in persons exposed to radionuclides |
| S2.P6 | S. Milačić | Radiation Protection of Medical Workers Living on the Terrains Contaminated with Depleted Uranium |
| S2.P7 | I. Schmitz-Feuerhake, S. Pflugbeil | “Lifestyle” and Cancer Rates in Former East and West Germany: the Possible Contribution of Diagnostic Radiation Exposures |
| S2.P8 | J. Pejchal, V. Vasilieva, M. Hristozova, Z. Vilasová, J. Vávrová, M. Alyakov, A. Tichý, L. Zárybnická, Z. Šinkorová, V. Tambor, K. Kubelková, J. Dresler | Cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay/CBMN cytome assay in human lymphocytes after in vitro irradiation and its use in biodosimetry |
| SCIENTIFIC SESSION 3 Radiation Protection and Quality Assurance in Radiotherapy | ||
| S3.P1 | G. Gialousis, A. Dimitriadis, E. Yakoumakis | Monte Carlo Estimation of Dose Difference in Lung from Ir-192 Brachytherapy Due to Tissue Inhomogeneity |
| S3.P2 | A. Chougule | Application of Thermo luminescence in Medical field |
| S3.P3 | C. Einberg | U.S. Medical Event Reporting Criteria |
| S3.P4 | A. Karamloo, H. R. Khosravi1, M. R. Deevband, B. Fasaei, N. Ahmadi, R. Paydar, A. Pakniat | Analysis of potential errors for patients undergo treatment in radiotherapy departments of Iran |
| S3.P5 | N. Medvedevas, J. Laurikaitiene, D. Adliene | Distribution of scattered radiation from a phantom during X-ray treatment |
| S3.P6 | E. Kostova, N. Kostova, A. Borisova, D. Aleksandrova, A. Trendafilov | Modification of "Box technique for external beam radiotherapy of pelvis with Co-60 beam |
| S3.P7 | D. Neamtu | Implementation and adaptation of the European Guidelines into our Romanian hospital; the medical physicist role in the Romanian context |
| S3.P8 | S. Saghamanesh, A. Karimian, M. Abdi | Absorbed dose assessment of cardiac and other tissues around the cardiovascular in brachytherapy with 90Sr/90Y source by Monte Carlo simulation |
| S3.P9 | O. Anjak, M. H. Kharita | Quality Audit for Dose Determination in the Field of Radiotherapy Using TLD |
| S3.P10 | B. Havrankova | Preventing accidents and incidents in radiotherapy in the Czech Republic |
| S3.P11 | B. Hajizadeh, M.R. Kardan, R. Paydar, M. Deevband, S.H. Khatam Nejad Pakzad | Comparison between Source Activity and Output Dose in Cobalt Teletherapy Units |
| S3.P12 | M. Zabihzadeh, M. Allahverdi, M.R. Ay, S.R. Mahdavi, A. Mesbahi, M. Shahriari | Monte Carlo Calculation of Neutron Doses to Critical Organs of a Female Undergoing a Pelvic Box Irradiation |
| S3.P13 | S. V. Castrillón, F. C. Henríquez, J. M. Ramos, E. G. Díez | Commissioning of two secondary standards in the Spanish Ionizing Radiations Metrology Laboratory |
| SCIENTIFIC SESSION 4 Radiation Protection of Patients and Staff in Nuclear Medicine | ||
| S4.P1 | M.Casale, A.A.Russo, R.Delia | Radiation protection in the management of hospitalized patients, when injected with 99mTc |
| S4.P2 | Z. Krasteva | Surveillance on performance of dose calibrators in nuclear medicine (NM) centers in Bulgaria |
| S4.P3 | N. Mossadegh, A. Karimian, E. Shahhosseini, A. Mohammdzadeh, Sh. Sheibani | Evaluation of personnel absorbed dose in production of medical radioisotopes by 5 MW research reactor using Rando phantom and Thermoluminescent Dosimeter |
| S4.P4 | J. Kalef-Ezra, S. Valakis | Performance of a prototype multi-detector whole body counter |
| S4.P5 | S. Ivanova | Calculating, and analysis of the radiation protection and shielding of Nuclear Medicine Center including PET/CT center situated in University Hospital St. Marina in Varna, Bulgaria |
| S4.P6 | R. Meades, A. Jones, D. Woodhouse, D. Towey, A. Al-Nahhas, K.S. Nijran | Staff Doses in a New PETCT Facility – Risk Assessments Versus Reality |
| S4.P7 | M. Lyra, V. Charalabatou, M. Sotiropoulos, N. Lagopati | Radiation Protection of staff in In-111 radionuclide therapy. Is the lead apron shielding effective? |
| S4.P8 | S. Missailidis, C. DaPieve, C.L. Diniz, M. Bernardo-Filho, R. S. Oliveira | Use of natural extracts for the radioprotection of vital organs during administration of aptamer-based radiopharmaceuticals |
| S4.P9 | F.S. Carmo, C.L. Diniz, D.S. Almeida, N.S. Pinto, E.F. Frederico, S.D. Santos-Filho, A.S. Adenilson, S. Missailidis, M. Bernardo-Filho | Aqueous extract of Olea europaea alters labelling of red blood cells with technetium-99m |
| S4.P10 | S.D. Santos-Filho, F.S. Carmo, C.L. Diniz, D.S. Almeida, N.S. Pinto, E.F. Frederico, A.S. Fonseca, S. Missailidis, M. Bernardo-Filho | Radiation Protection in Medicine: The importance of experimental models in assessing unexpected effects in the biodistribution of radiopharmaceuticals and the effect of the aqueous plant extract of Junglans regia |
| S4.P11 | C.L. Diniz, F.S. Carmo, D.S. Almeida, N.S. Pinto, S. Santos-Filho, A.S. Fonseca, S. Missailidis, M. Bernardo-Filho | Radiation Protection in Medicine and the effect of drugs and natural extracts: An experimental model using the labelling of blood constituents with technetium-99m (99mTc) and an aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. |
| S4.P12 | D.S. Almeida, F.S. Carmo, C.L. Diniz, N.S. Pinto, E.F. Frederico, A.S. Fonseca, S.D. Santos-Filho, S. Missailidis, M. Bernardo-Filho | Radiation Protection in Medicine: The relevance of experimental assays and the investigation about an aqueous extract of Allium porrum and the labelling of blood constituents technetium-99m |
| S4.P13 | A.S. Fonseca, F. Paoli, D.S. Almeida, F.S. Carmo, C.L. Diniz, N.S. Pinto, E.F. Frederico, S.D. Santos-Filho, S. Missailidis, M. Bernardo-Filho | Radiation Protection in Medicine and the relevance of studies of a radiomimetic chemical substance used in nuclear medicine procedures and capable of inducing filamentations in Escherichia coli cultures |
| SCIENTIFIC SESSION 5 Quality Assurance and Patient Dosimetry in Diagnostic Radiology Optimisation and Justification in Diagnostic Radiology | ||
| S5.P1 | A. Stratis, M. Molfetas, A. Louisi, S. Kottou | A Multicentric Study on Patient Dose in Multislice CT |
| S5.P2 | R. Burkhardt, L. Bogdan, D. Fulea | Some Aspects of Patient Radioprotection in Radiodiagnostic in Cluj Area |
| S5.P3 | E.G. Friberg, A. Widmark, M. Solberg, T. Wøhni | Level of compliance with the radiation protection regulation among Norwegian Hospital Trusts and X-ray institutes – the truth |
| S5.P4 | D. Kostova-Lefterova, D. Taseva, K. Ingilizova, J. Hristova, J. Vassileva | Potential for optimization of pediatric chest X-ray examination |
| S5.P5 | A. Sulieman, M. Vlychou, I. Tsougos, K. Theodorou | Radiation Doses to Paediatric Patients with Pneumonia and Co-patients Undergoing Chest X rays |
| S5.P6 | F. Malchair, A. Stembert | Use of a neonatal chest phantom to optimize dose versus image quality |
| S5.P7 | A.M. McGarrigle, O.J. O’Connor, M.M. Maher | Challenges in Estimating Patient Dose – 3 Case Studies |
| S5.P8 | G. Gialousis, Z. Pappouli, A. Dimitriadis, E. Karavassilis, E. Georgiou and E. Yakoumakis | Comparison of Organ Doses Estimations in Radiology with PCXMC Application Based on MIRD Phantoms and CALDOSE-X Application Based on Voxel Phantoms |
| S5.P9 | J. Fazakerley, H. Gfirtner, P.A. Kaplanis, P. Schneider, J. Vassileva, M. Moores, P. Charnock, R.Wilde | Comparison of Doses for Chest Examinations between Different Sites in Europe |
| S5.P10 | A. Dimitriadis, G. Gialousis, T. Makri, M. Karlatira, P. Karaiskos, E. Georgiou and E.N. Yakoumakis | Monte Carlo Estimation of Radiation Doses During Paediatric Barium Meal and Micturating Cystourethrography Examinations |
| S5.P11 | Y. Mironova, L.Urina | Optimization of Radiological Diagnostics of Developmental Dysplasia of Hip (DDH) |
| S5.P12 | Y. Kovalenko, S. Miroshnichenko, S. Balashov, N. Potrahov | Possibility of Creating Specialized Working Places for On-line X-ray Examinations of Infants Based on Digital Micro Focus Radiography |
| S5.P13 | C. Clancy, L. Bowden, R. Faulkner | A review of the current guidance for the assessment of computed radiography (CR) image reading systems |
| S5.P14 | T. Berris, K. Perisinakis, A.E. Papadakis, J. Damilakis | A comparison of two methods for the determination of free-in-air geometric efficiency in MDCT |
| S5.P15 | D. Bor, Ö. Demirkaya, A. Kurt , Ş. Yüksel | Performance measurements of X-ray anti-scatter grids |
| S5.P16 | R. Faulkner, L. Bowden, C. Clancy, A. Gallagher, A. Dowling | Comparison of doses under Automatic Exposure Control (AEC) conditions for DDR X-ray systems using different protocols |
| S5.P17 | W. Ślusarczyk-Kacprzyk, W. Skrzyński, W. Bulski | Quality Control and Patient Doses in Computed Tomography |
| S5.P18 | I. Dyakov, N. Dyakov, E. Dimitrova, J. Vassileva | Comprehensive analysis of the practice in one radiography department |
| S5.P19 | D. Hristova, J. Hristova, I. Diakov, D. Taseva, N. Boninska, L. Petrov | Patient doses from chest radiography in a big radiology department |
| S5.P20 | G. Charitou, S. Christofides, P. A. Kaplanis, C. Yiannakkaras, N. Papadopoulos, C. Papaefstathiou, G. Menikou, G. Kokona, D. Kaolis | Mobile X-ray Units: Frequency of Use |
| S5.P21 | M. Mikusova | Measures Concerning Radiation Protection of Children in Radiodiagnostic in the Czech Republic (Poster) |
| S5.P22 | E. Dougeni, CL. Chapple, J. Willis, G. Panayiotakis | Assessment of effective dose in paediatric CT examinations |
| S5.P23 | F. Malchair, A. Stembert, B. Wiesen | Frequency and dose of CT examinations for in-patients in a university hospital in Belgium |
| S5.P24 | L.C.G. Oliveira, T. Kodlulovich, I. Gottlieb, S. Kodlulovich, F.A. Mecca, R.T. Lopes | Dose reduction in CT angiography: abdomen, pelvis and chest examinations |
| S5.P25 | S. Khazzam and M.H. Kharita | The Influence of Slice Collimation in CT on nCTDIw |
| S5.P26 | G.K. Korir, J.S. Wambani, I.K. Korir | Establishing Quality Management Baseline in the Use of Computed Tomography Machines in Kenya |
| S5.P27 | G. Simantirakis, C.J. Hourdakis, S. Economides, P. Dimitriou | Image quality of CT scanners and patient dose from CT examinations in Greece |
| S5.P28 | R. Rashkova, K. Antonova, R. Dobreva | The role of the state health radiation control for radiation safety of radiography equipment in North-Eastern Bulgaria |
| S5.P29 | O. Ciraj-Bjelac, D. Arandjic, D. Kosutic | Comparison of Different Methods for Shielding Design in Computed Tomography |
| S5.P30 | J.M. Sampaio, M.C. Abreu, L. Peralta, L. Silva, P. Sousa | Are We Over-Shielding Mammographic X-ray Imaging Installations? |
| S5.P31 | S. Kiti, R. Kinyua | Intercomparison Exercise (East Africa) on Measurement of the Quantity Personal Dose Equivalent Hp (10) in Photon Fields |
| S5.P32 | T. Ivanova | The role ot state health control for reduction of medical radiation of patients during x-ray diagnosis |
| S5.P33 | A. Hustuc, Iu. Chiruta | Quality Control in Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology – Acceptance and Performance Tests: an Experience of the Technical Service Organizations from the Republic of Moldova |
| S5.P34 | J. Ziliukas, J. Marcinkevicius, A. Usaite, L. Krynke, B. Pakalniskiene, E. Stasiene J. Mazuoliene, G.Setikiene | Survey of Pediatrics Patient Exposure in Radiography Examinations |
| S5.P35 | M. Akhmetov, N. Kozhakhmetov, T. Tumanbayev | Quality Control of X-ray Machines in Kazakhstan |
| S5.P36 | A. Karimian, S. Yazdani, M.A. Askari | Reducing the absorbed dose in analogue radiography of infant chest images by improving the image quality, using image processing techniques |
| S5.P37 | I. Bahnarel, N. Dimov, L. Coretchi, N. Cujba | Radiation protection of the patient in paediatric radiology |
| S5.P38 | R. Roohi Shalemaei, M. Deevband, E. Rouhollahi, A. Eshraghi, H. Shariati, J. Roozi Talab, M. Kardan | The Study of Patients Exposure in Some Routine Radiology Examinations in Iran |
| S5.P39 | R. Roohi Shalemaei | Films Retake and Reject Analysis for Conventional Radiography in Some Iranian main Hospitals |
| S5.P40 | H.R. Khosravi, Z. Gholamalizadeh, M.R. Hanteh Zadeh, H.R. Mohammad, R. Khodadadi, B. Aghahadi | Patient Dose Assessment in Busy Radiology Departments |
| S5.P41 | S. Teferi, D. Admassie, A. Worku, D. Zewdeneh | Local Diagnostic Reference Levels For Adult Posteroanterior (PA) Chest X-ray Examination in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| SCIENTIFIC SESSION 7 Training and professional development in radiation protection | ||
| S7.P1 | P. Dimitriou, C. Pafilis, V. Kamenopoulou | Building competence through education and training on radiation protection in medicine |
| S7.P2 | P. Gagova, N. Boninska, N. Slavova | Radiation safety culture as an important part of the profession of radiographers |
| S7.P3 | M. Coeck | Radiation protection training at the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN |
| S7.P4 | M. Coeck | The development of radiation protection training schemes within the 7FP ENETRAP-II |
| S7.P5 | M. Ginjaume, F. Vanhavere, E. Carinou, G. Gualdrini, I. Clairand, M. Sans Merce, A. Rimpler, J.M. Bordy, D. Nikodemova and X. Ortega | ORAMED training module: Optimizing radiation protection in interventional radiology and nuclear medicine |
| S7.P6 | P. Romem, I. Livshiz-Riven, Y. Romem | Nurses basic knowledge of radiation doses and the potential danger of the frequent imaging procedures with X-rays |
| S7.P7 | H. M. Elmehdi, S. Pistorius, I. Elbakri | Radiation Protection Awareness among Dental Healthcare Professionals in the United Arab Emirates |
| S7.P8 | C. Avadanei, G. Rosca-Fartat, G. Stanescu | Practitioners Education on Medical Exposure Justification |
| SCIENTIFIC SESSION 8 Dose surveys, DRLs and Tracking of patient doses | ||
| S8.P1 | R. Wilde, P. Charnock, S. McDonald | Qualifying the use of RIS data for patient dose by comparison DICOM header data |
| S8.P2 | N. Ban, F. Takahashi, K. Sato, A. Endo, K. Ono, T. Hasegawa, T. Yoshitake, Y. Katsunuma, M. Kai | Development of Web-Based CT Dose Calculator, WAZA-ARI |
| S8.P3 | L.Ş. Coretchi, I.N. Bahnarel , Iu Chiruta | Population Exposure from Diagnostic Radiology in the Republic of Moldova During the Last Ten Years |
| S8.P4 | K. Ingilizova, J. Vassileva | Collective doses of Bulgarian population from Diagnostic Radiology: 2008 update |
| S8.P5 | P. Mora, M. Acuña | Assessment of medical occupational radiation doses in Costa Rica |
| S8.P6 | S. Esmaili, M.T. Bahreyni Toossi | Estimation of Entrance Surface Dosess (ESDs) for Common Medical X-ray Diagnostic Examinations in Radiological Departments in Mashhad-IRAN |
| S8.P7 | A. Dumitrescu, L. Bogdan, C. Milu | Patient registration system of medical exposure to ionizing radiation in Romania - first year experience |
| S8.P8 | L. Stadnyk, O. Shalyopa, O. Nosyk | Patient Doses Measurements in Radiography for Establishment of Diagnostic Reference Levels in Ukraine |
| S8.P9 | Y. Lahfi | Smart Card patient dose tracking system: Preliminary view for implementation in SYRIA |
| SCIENTIFIC SESSION 9 Justification and optimisation of mass screening procedures | ||
| S9.P1 | A. Paknyat, R. Rostam Pour Samarin, N. Ahmadi Jeshvaghane, R. Paydar, B. Fasaei, A. Karamloo, H.R. Khosravi, M.R. Deevband | Evaluation of Patient Dose in Some Mammography Centers In Iran |
| S9.P2 | F. Giczi, S. Pellet, I.D. McLean, A. Meghzifene | Mammography Patient Dose Measurements Using the Methodology of the International Code of Practice for Dosimetry in Diagnostic Radiology |
| S9.P3 | B. Hemdal | Forward-scattered radiation from the compression paddle should be considered when average (or mean) glandular dose is estimated |
| S9.P4 | M. Kalathaki, C.J. Hourdakis, S. Economides, P. Tritakis, N. Kalyvas, G. Simantirakis, G. Manousaridis, I. Kaisas and V. Kamenopoulou | Comparison of Full Field Digital (FFD) and Computed Radiography (CR) mammography systems in Greece |
| S9.P5 | S. Avramova-Cholakova, J. Vassileva, A. Dimov | Analysis of the results from the implementation of quality control program in mammography in Bulgaria |
| S9.P6 | E. Fabiszewska, I. Grabska, K. Jankowska, E. Wesołowska, W. Bulski | Comparison of Results of Quality Control of Physical Parameters and Results of Clinical Evaluation of Mammographic Images for the Mammography Screening Facilities in Poland |
| S9.P7 | H. Bosmans, K. Lemmens, L. Cockmartin , K. Michielsen, J. Jacobs, J. Nens, A. Jacobs, G. Marchal | Estimation of the average patient doses in digital mammography using test objects |
| S9.P8 | T. Orouji, S.M. Hosseini Pooya, M. Jafarizadeh, H.R. Khosravi, H. Rais Mohammad | Determination of sensitive organs doses due to X-Ray of Body Scanner (BS) systems using TLD and Rando phantom |